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rod; pole
neck (of a shamisen, etc.); shamisen
beam (i.e. the crossbar of a balance)
single line (esp. as a flying formation for geese)
penis
counter for flags (on poles); counter for long, thin Japanese sweets (e.g. yōkan)
船頭が棹を使って川を下っていった。
The boatman went downstream using a pole.
棹を差して流れに逆らうのは体力が必要だ。
Poling against the current requires physical strength.
竹でできた棹を持って浅い川を渡った。
I crossed the shallow river holding a bamboo pole.