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mining; digging; working (a mine)
金の採掘には多大な労力と費用がかかる。
Mining gold requires tremendous effort and expense.
環境破壊を防ぐために採掘方法が見直された。
Mining methods were reviewed to prevent environmental damage.
採掘権をめぐって企業間の争いが起きている。
Disputes between companies are occurring over mining rights.