Fetching details from the dictionary...

eldest son (may be the only son); first-born son
彼は三人兄弟の長男として生まれた。
He was born as the eldest son of three brothers.
長男だから責任感が強いのだろう。
He probably has a strong sense of responsibility because he's the eldest son.
長男が家業を継ぐことに決まった。
It was decided that the eldest son would inherit the family business.